digital illustration of a butterfly
Original illustration courtesy of Rebecca Mena, a fourth-year undergraduate studying Art Education and Chicana/o Studies at California State University, Fullerton.
Thoughts from the Chrysalis: Butterflies Needed
by Bey-Ling Sha, Ph.D., APR
T

his is a strange time of quarantine and working from home. This is a difficult time of racial protests and political divides. This is an opportune time for change and innovation.

In early spring, I thought of this time as a Great Cocooning, where those of us with not insignificant privilege could continue our silkily sheltered existence, enveloped in a protective place that was not only our physical homes but also our secure mental and emotional states. As spring turned to summer, I began to realize that it was not a time for gentle, private cocooning away from society, but rather a time for thoughtful personal growth and individual transformation so we can collectively rejoin society in ways that are radically different and long overdue.

In short, this is a moment in which the practice of leadership itself needs to be innovative in the foundational sense of creating something newly original out of one’s original self. This is time for a Re-creative Chrysalis, for leaders in education, for leaders who in their own industries and spheres of influence help to educate others, and – really – for anyone who is in a leadership role.

Transforming in Place
Merriam-Webster defines a “chrysalis” as a “sheltered state or stage of being or growth.” Examples abound of leaders who bring about change and innovation in their companies or industries, and this time of the Re-creative Chrysalis may indeed offer opportunities for such growth and evolution.

Yet I believe that this moment requires a different approach to leadership, one in which leadership is viewed as modeling thoughtful self-education, manifesting sincere self-reflection and demonstrating authentic self-evolution. After all, a chrysalis is also defined as the actual hardened exoskeleton of a butterfly-to-be, and that tough protective covering may indeed be needed as leaders engage in perhaps the toughest kind of innovation: that which requires a transformation of ourselves.

Transforming How We “Be”
This is about our personal core values and our true identities. As leaders in a changing world, we need to recognize that, often, a key barrier to change is our own identities or how we see ourselves.

For example, college professors see themselves (and are seen by others) as experts in our academic disciplines. They come to the classroom and “profess,” while students take notes. When COVID-19 upended the spring 2020 semester for universities all over the world, professors experienced no shortage of unexpected work burdens and extra stress.

Part of the additional work involved changing how we teach, the majority switching from in-person to online course delivery. Part of the stress involved feeling like we didn’t know the optimal ways to use the technology that was now our only option for teaching class. This shift in our identities from being disciplinary experts to being technological non-experts was challenging, especially for faculty who had not always adapted to new technology tools as they became available throughout the last several years. Faculty identities needed to shift to include “technology learner” as part of being an “academic expert.”

Our attitudes and our beliefs shape our preconceived notions about the world. Leaders who see themselves as continuously “becoming” give themselves permission and power to pause in the act of thinking a thought, so as to reflect on that thought.
In the larger “classroom” or educational space that is our society, we have all learned to center the dominant (White) culture in how we see events and how we see ourselves. For this reason, the brutal murder of George Floyd came as a shock to many, requiring us to “unlearn” our previous knowledge. That previous knowledge included seeing ourselves as “non-racists,” and indeed very few people – and especially few leaders of any kind – would avow or acknowledge a racist identity, even though we live in a society in which Whiteness is always implicitly centered. In short, as scholar and activist Angela Davis noted decades ago: “In a racist society, it is not enough to be non-racist, we must be antiracist.”

Thus, I challenge all leaders to take one or more Implicit Association Tests (IAT) to explore their own unconscious biases. We cannot begin to overcome our own unconscious biases until we bring them to the surface, until we examine and become willingly conscious of them. We cannot lead serious conversations about race and justice in our organizations until we engage in serious self-reflections about our own implicit biases. Our leader identities need shifting, to include “learner about racism” as part of being “anti-racist.”

As noted by anthropologist Edward T. Hall, who we are – our identities – is not so much about being as it is about becoming. I would add to that “being” a leader is about always becoming a better version of ourselves, which requires continuous self-reflection and transformation.

Transforming How We “Think”
Our attitudes and our beliefs shape our preconceived notions about the world. Leaders who see themselves as continuously “becoming” give themselves permission and power to pause in the act of thinking a thought, so as to reflect on that thought.

For example, as campus leaders shifted to remote teaching and learning in the spring, and as conversations continued throughout the summer as to whether fall terms would be in-person and/or online, the attitudes of some faculty seemed grounded in a fundamental belief that online teaching was inferior to in-person teaching. This attitude is reflected in many higher education circles as a traditional disdain for online education, perhaps stemming from the days when “real” universities offered classes in-person and only “second-rate” institutions offered online courses or correspondence courses, the pre-Internet version of remote education.

I have taught online, and it’s hard. It takes more time to prepare the course thoughtfully, to interact with students without nonverbal cues, and to grade student participation and products. However, when done well and supported by proper teacher training and easy access to technology, online teaching can help students learn better. For example, in one of my summer online courses a few years ago, a student with a learning disability (who initially was worried about taking a difficult course online) realized to her delight that the online course actually enhanced her learning. She was able to replay my previously recorded lectures and focus specifically on parts she didn’t understand the first time around, something that an in-person lecture doesn’t offer.
Butterfly painting
When we challenge our own beliefs and our own thinking, we give ourselves the opportunity to learn and grow. For example, it may be easy for some to look at large-scale protests about racial injustice and think, “Well, if people didn’t commit crimes, arrests by police wouldn’t be necessary,” or to believe that law enforcement officers actually enforce the law fairly across different demographic groups. Yet, statistics actually show that there are indeed racial disparities in the use of force by police. A cursory look at contemporary news headlines reveals example after example of police using force on Black people (even when they are not armed), while choosing to not use force on White demonstrators (even when they are armed with assault rifles and other military-type weapons).

For leaders wishing to learn more about the historical foundations of race and/or how to be anti-racist, I highly recommend the online resources offered by the National Museum of African American History and Culture.

Transforming How We “Do”
This is about our work, our modus operandi and our preferences for how things are done. Our actions are the most externally visible of our choices, and they both stem from and lead to changes in our ways of being and thinking in an iterative process of progress.

For educators, the most obvious change in the COVID-19 era is teaching online, but other changes are also happening. For example, many college professors have spent the summer “scrubbing the syllabus” to ensure greater inclusion of anti-racist and diversity-related course content, as well as including readings by diverse authors and scholars. Another change in college classrooms has been an increase in guest speakers from around the world. While this has been technologically feasible for some time, it’s only now that doing so seems not only the best thing to do from a health and safety standpoint, but also the right thing to do to expand the diversity in our classrooms and places of work. Such actions have impact far beyond a single class or environment.

These societal crises are requiring organizational leaders to adapt to realities both new and, for many, newly admitted. Adapting to any change is difficult, but butterflies that fail to transform typically never emerge from their chrysalis.
Some academics are also changing our modus operandi for sharing our scholarly expertise. Some of us are becoming very vocal on social media. Some of us are changing our audiences, perhaps by taking a calming breath and speaking to non-academics. These changes in how academics “do” our work are necessary because, in an age of declining public funding for education, the work done by educators must leave the ivory towers of academia and connect with those outside, so that the public value of education is, well, public. It’s time for more academics to take on the erstwhile responsibility of being public intellectuals, which can be challenging in a world that doesn’t always value intellectualism or support civility in the public sphere.

Outside the education sector, the changes are only beginning, as companies reassess their long-term needs for commercial real estate and traditional office spaces, as well as whether managing teams requires everyone to be working in-person during the same business hours. Whether and how we commute to work post-COVID-19, as well as how we commune with others in the coming months and years, all remain to be worked out.

Fly, Butterfly
With both COVID-19 and the intensified Black Lives Matter movement, our world in this moment is facing simultaneous pandemics in health and systemic racism, the former originating in 2019 and the latter endemic to the Western world since at least 1450.

A major challenge is the seeming contradiction in how these pandemics should be handled. On the one hand, the health pandemic requires us to stay home whenever possible. On the other hand, the racism epidemic requires us to demonstrate collectively and publicly against systemic inequities, police brutality and the disproportionate harm done to communities of color.

These societal crises are requiring organizational leaders to adapt to realities both new and, for many, newly admitted. Adapting to any change is difficult, but butterflies that fail to transform typically never emerge from their chrysalis.

Ultimately, how we recreate ourselves in our habits, our minds and our identities during this Re-creative Chrysalis will manifest in our leadership in the world. And the world in this moment appears in quite desperate need of leadership.

Bey-Ling Sha headshot
Bey-Ling Sha, Ph.D., APR, is a higher education leader whose work has influenced public relations scholarship, education and practice. Her primary research program examines the intersection of identity and public relations. She has lectured on intercultural public relations on three continents and is co-author of the most-recent edition of Cutlip and Center’s Effective Public Relations, the world’s oldest, continuously published textbook in the discipline. Dr. Sha is Dean of the College of Communications at California State University, Fullerton.

communications.fullerton.edu/faculty/bey_ling_sha/bey_ling_sha.php

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Bey-Ling Sha, Ph.D., APR, is a higher education leader whose work has influenced public relations scholarship, education and practice. Her primary research program examines the intersection of identity and public relations. She has lectured on intercultural public relations on three continents and is co-author of the most-recent edition of Cutlip and Center’s Effective Public Relations, the world’s oldest, continuously published textbook in the discipline. Dr. Sha is Dean of the College of Communications at California State University, Fullerton.

communications.fullerton.edu/faculty/bey_ling_sha/bey_ling_sha.php

Twitter